the current status and quality of urban and regional development has been criticized by many academics and professionals in different fields. at city centers in addition to traffic congestion, population growth, urban and regional sprawl and suburbanization have resulted in unsustainable conditions in many cities all around the world. in this regard, different aspects of urban form, especially ...

Urbanization and economic development are closely intertwined. While urbanization per se does not cause development, sustained economic development does not occur without urbanization. This paper starts with a “primer” on what we know about the conceptual and empirical links between development and urbanization. Empirical evidence is partly based on historical experience in developed countries ...

green roofs are a part of efforts to make the cities more sustainable and it is one of the modern solutions for urban problems. the physical development of cities led to loss of the natural environment. therefore, the development of green spaces plays an important role in human life. in order to evaluate the effect of some culture media on yield of “oenothera speciosa rosea” in green roof situa...

Objective: The role and importance of urban green space in urban life and physical stability and effectiveness of the system returns to different urban ecological, economic and social, it is undeniable, As far as public green space per capita in cities and urban management planning program is considered one of the main discussion. Urban green spaces should be one of the most essential factors t...

Objective: The role and importance of urban green space in urban life and physical stability and effectiveness of the system returns to different urban ecological, economic and social, it is undeniable, As far as public green space per capita in cities and urban management planning program is considered one of the main discussion. Urban green spaces should be one of the most essential factors t...

There is increasing recognition by researchers, businesses, and policymakers of the value of integrating the systems of systems of which cities are comprised. It is less clear how this can be achieved, in practice, from a technical and organizational standpoint. This paper is concerned with one element of this integration, namely, the integration of physical infrastructures and digital technolo...

The authors studied the effectiveness of community-wide health education on physical activity knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and behavior. Random samples of residents aged 18-74 years who lived in four central California cities (baseline, n = 1,056 men and 1,183 women) were evaluated in 1979-1980 and approximately every 2 years thereafter to obtain four independent samples. Moreover, ever...