We employed 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling to identify in vivo changes in the cell cycle patterns of the rat midbrain during the major period of midbrain organogenesis, gestational days (gd) 11 to 16. We also used quantitative stereology to determine changes in absolute cell numbers during these gestational time points. Between gd 12 and 16, the length of S-phase did not change signifi...

BACKGROUND Surfactant dysfunction due to inhibition is involved in the pathophysiology of meconium aspiration syndrome. Dextran addition has been shown to reverse exogenous surfactant inactivation by meconium, but the precise mechanisms and the morphological correlate of this effect are yet unknown. Morphological surfactant analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and stereology allow...

Path length measuring is a relevant engineering problem. Leonardo Da Vinci designed for the military appropriate equipment, the podometer, to do so. Modern equipment such as step meters and map meters are quite similar to Da Vinci‟s design, despite geometrical statistical stereological methods based on theorems of Cauchy and Buffon that were potentially available for a long period of time for d...

Retinal topography maps are a widely used tool in vision science, neuroscience, and visual ecology, providing an informative visualization of the spatial distribution of cell densities across the retinal hemisphere. Here, we introduce Retina, an R package for computational mapping, inspection of topographic model fits, and generation of average maps. Functions in Retina take cell count data obt...

Stereological methods are designed to describe quantitative parameters without making assumptions about size, shape, orientation and distribution of cells or structures. These methods have been revolutionary for quantitative analysis of the mammalian brain, in which volumetric cell populations are too high to count manually, and stereology is now the technique of choice whenever estimates of th...

1 Proposed Study Stereology, a form of sampling theory, is a group of statistical methods used for estimating properties such as volume and surface area of a three-dimensional object using information only available on a two-dimensional plane section through the object 2, 9]. It has applications in many areas of science, in particular anatomy, geology and materials science 2]. Conceptually, ste...

The afferent synapse between the auditory nerve fiber and the inner hair cell (IHC) represents a critical junction for hearing. Elucidation of the structure at this site will help establish the substrate for normal sound encoding as well as pathologic processes associated with hearing dysfunction. Previous applications of unbiased (design-based) stereological principles have expanded our knowle...