. Perceived organizational support has been raised as work backbone of employee in the organization and the psychological contracts are also a set of promises that top managers give to support their employees. Therefore, violation of this contract not only involves depriving organizational support, but also reduces the employee's belongings. The main purpose of this paper was to examine the imp...

Capitalizing upon Implicit Leadership Theories (ILTs) and Leader-member exchange (LMX), this research aims to explore the relationship between the congruence of employees’ ILTs and those traits of their managers and employees’ supportiveness, resistance and behavioral creativity for change. After distributing three questionnaires at three points among teachers, 296 participants completed all th...

nowadays, advances in information and communication technologies, has provided an opportunity for banks to provide their electronic services to their customers in remote areas. this technological innovation by e–banking systems has brought about many benefits to customers while it has been accompanied by a number of risks including the operational ones. this risks need to be identified and mana...

Employee commitment is the terminology used to describe whether employees have a strong belief and accepts organizational goals and values. The thesis of this study is founded on the conviction that an organization cannot be expected to perform effectively and efficiently when its employees are not committed. There are many measurable support that employee commitment is a critical factor that d...

Help desks are computer-aided environments in customer support centers that provide frontline support to external and internal customers. The paper reports on an automated help desk system developed at an information technology company. With the proliferation of diverse software and hardware, the center provides support to a large variety of client systems. The number of calls increases while t...

This study examines the factors that influence employees’ adoption and use of e-learning systems and tests the applicability of the technology acceptance model (TAM) in the organizational context. We examined the relationship of employees’ perceptions of their behavioral intention to use e-learning systems in terms of four determinants (individual, organizational, task characteristics, and subj...