democray is the most importantn element in dewey’s thought. in this paper dewey’s theory on democray will be evaluated, furthermor some challenges are ascrbed to it: first, dewey has not presented any philosophical argument about his idea: “democracy is a moral ideal”. second: if it is known by a posteriori method that democracy is the best, this idea can not be generalized to future, so it cou...

various lists of news values in communication have been offered since 1960. this article, next to a comparative and analytical explanation of those lists in the recent five decades, presents the authors, own selected list which embodies all the previous ones. then it is shown that the news values issue in both the practical domain of communication i.e the media, and its scientific domain, are b...

Viktor Frankl, a neurologist and the founder of logo-therapy (1969) stated that “will to meaning” is the basic essence of the universe (1). Logo-therapy means therapy through meaning, which is based on the premise that man has a will-to-meaning; the meaning thus lies in suffering(2). One of the most important human functions is discovering meaning in life, which is also considered as a sign of...

one of the significant issues in ir is that of inter – state conflict and cooperation. various schools such as realism and liberalism have endeavored to theoretically explain it. in so doing, this article seeks to outline the views offered by a constructivist thinker, alexander wendt. he treats ir as a socially constructed discipline. this article argues that although wendt has managed to advan...

in this article, in order to demonstrate the pragmatic elements of rawls’s viewpoint, the developmental path of his a theory of justice shall first be investigated. this development has two phases: in the first phase, justice has an ethical-philosophical basis. in a theory of justice, this phase is specifically shown under the title of theory of justice. in the second phase, justice has no phil...