Background and purpose: Color vision deficiency is an X-linked recessive inherited disease that affects men more than women. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of color vision deficiency among patients with amblyopia aged 10 to 30 years old. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was performed in 2846 participants, aged 10 to 30 years in 2013-15 at...

Background and Objective: Car accidents are the second leading cause of mortality in Iran. For safe driving, drivers require minimum acceptable visual acuity. In Iran, the accepted routine test to take driving license is Snellen vision chart, which is not adequate for visual acuity determination in real and natural environment. It seems that introducing a more sensitive and specific screening t...

chapter one is devotod to collect some notion and background informations, which are needed in the next chapters. it also contains some important statements which will be proved in a more general context later in this thesis. in chapter two, we show that if the marginal factor-group is of order np1...pk,n>1, then we obtain a bound for the order of the verbal subgroup. also a bound for the bear-...

in the area of vocabulary teaching and learning although much research has been done, only some of it has led to effective techniques of vocabulary teaching and many language learners still have problem learning vocabulary. the urge behind this study was to investigate three methods of teaching words. the first one was teaching words in context based on a traditional method of teaching that is,...

deployable scissor type structures are composed of the so-called scissor-like elements (sles), which are connected to each other at an intermediate point through a pivotal connection and allow them to be folded into a compact bundle for storage or transport. several sles are connected to each other in order to form units with regular polygonal plan views. the sides and radii of the polygons are...

Introduction: With the growing and rapid development of refractive surgery, researches focus increasingly on improvement of visual quality after cataract surgery. Intraocular lenses (IOLs) were a successful effort in the field of cataract surgery. Despite significant advances in cataract surgery, several complications related to surgical technique and IOL design after surgery can cause vision c...

this study examined the effects of collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion on iranian high school students persuasive writing and attitudes. students in three intact classes were assigned to one of three treatment conditions: collaborative strategic reading and direct instruction in persuasion or direct instruction in persuasion or a control group. treatment effects...