Electronic Orientation Aids (EOA) usually guide visually impaired pedestrians using turn-by-turn instructions. However, several studies have demonstrated that mental representations of space seem difficult to build when turn-by-turn instructions only are provided. This is a crucial point as getting an accurate spatial representation of the surroundings can make the difference between successful...

The utilization of instructional scaffolding is a crucial element in the process imparting novel knowledge or skills to students. This approach involves teacher providing and modifying support for students order optimize their classroom participation academic outcomes. present study offers an examination seventh-grade geography lesson focused on Middle East. employs contextual scaffolding, supp...

AIMS To determine if there was a significant difference between user-centred and clinical outcomes in people with low vision who attended a new community-based low vision service (CLVS) or the hospital-based low vision service (HBLV). METHODS A prospective controlled before and after study. Participants were recruited from the CLVS (n=343; 96 male, 247 female; median age 82 years) and from th...

background: this was a population-based study to examine whether the campaign for world aids day 2005 in iran was suc­cessful. methods: a random sample of the general population was asked whether they had seen the campaign and knew the mes­sage. they were also asked whether it was attractive; there was anything offensive, whether the campaign could raise aware­ness, and how they rated the campa...

BACKGROUND To report an unusual case of multifocal choroidopathy with uveitis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) after initially presenting with pulmonary tuberculosis (Mycobacterium kansasii). CASE Slit-lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopic examination were done. Vitreous biopsy, pars plana vitrectomy, and retinal biopsy ...

Navigation aids such as bookmarks, target prediction, or history mechanisms help users find desired objects in visual workspaces. They work by highlighting objects that may be important, and they can improve performance in spaces where the territory is not well known. However, by making navigation easier, they may also hinder acquisition of a mental map of the space, reducing navigation perform...

In the advanced digital era, social media marketing strategies have become key to promoting brands and products on Instagram. Raja Parfum needs develop an effective strategy by understanding target market characteristics of Instagram users. Appealing visual content can enhance brand attractiveness, while Instagram's algorithms features helps maximize potential. User interaction engagement are i...

This is a report of an atypical case of progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) and the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the clinical course of viral retinitis in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patient. A 22-year-old male patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presented with unilaterally reduced visual acuity and a dense cataract. After...