one of the common problems in reflection seismic records in the land is the existence of surface waves with high amplitude and low frequency which cause the most important parts of reflective signals to be masked. therefore, it is necessary to attenuate them by processing and acquisition methods. as it is impossible to attenuate the surface waves completely, and sometimes it is likely to damage...

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3D seismic data acquisition brought a sea change in subsurface imaging. The bridge between geology and seismic is P/S wave velocity of different subsurfaces/lithology. The technique has acquired prime importance due to its inherent strength of determining seismic velocity/amplitudes of the different medium. Lithological variations estimations is possible due to proper Vp/Vs ratio or either velo...

Autoregressive modeling is used to estimate the spectrum of aliased data. A region of spectral support is determined by identifying the location of peaks in the estimated spatial spectrum of the data. This information is used to pose a Fourier reconstruction problem that inverts for a few dominant wavenumbers that are required to model the data. Synthetic and real data examples are used to illu...