Background: Ethics is a science that discusses human properties related to plant, animal and human forces. In this science, the knowledge of the virtuous queens from vices is discussed, through which a person brings himself to the virtuous queens and by this means he is revived by actions that lead to the happiness of the hereafter. The importance of political and ethical interactions has been ...

Abstract Populism has lately become a matter of concern in both popular and academic circles. Yet contemporary writers have had difficulty parsing populism's relationship to democracy, partly because they are universally committed the latter. It is worth turning thinker like Aristotle, who—despite not explicitly addressing populism itself—is able reflect clearly on various democratic phenomena ...

Growth stability is an important objective—because development requires sustained increases in income, because volatility is costly for the poor, and because volatility deters growth. We study the determinants of average growth and its volatility as a two-equation system, and find that higher levels of democracy and diversification lower volatility, whereas volatility itself reduces growth. Mus...

Introduction: Why Dialogue with Dewey Today? John Dewey was engaged, throughout his work, in the reconstruction of American democracy and education. Committed to that philosophy for and in action that is pragmatism, a philosophy for solving the problems of human beings, he addressed himself to what he saw as the crisis of democracy in twentieth-century America. In 1927, discussing the erosion o...

The EU represents a new and complex political system which, according to numerous social scholars, suffers from the so-called democratic deficit. The basic argument behind this claim is that citizens lack control of the EU because, within its political system, national parliaments of member states possess only limited powers which have not been adequately compensated through steady empowerment ...

This document defines the competencies that a trainee should acquire during the training period, and subsequently maintain and enhance throughout their professional life. It lists how the competencies may be taught, learnt and assessed in training. It is a statement of the minimum level of competency expected on entering core training and at the end of training. It therefore covers the topics t...

1 Emergency Department, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 67146, Iran 2 Radiology Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13137, Iran 3 Emergency Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13137, Iran 4 Forensic Medicine Department, Loghman Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Univers...