Technologies and methods have been developed within C4I systems that permit them to function as federates using the High Level Architecture (HLA). The HLA Runtime Infrastructure (RTI) has been shown to run successfully on C4I system hardware that is based on the Defense Information Infrastructure Common Operational Environment (DII COE). The most prominent example to date has been the operation...

The U.S. Army’s Force XXI initiative provides automated C4I systems to commanders and their staffs at the brigade through corps echelons to increase situational awareness and support improved command and control decision making. These systems provide extensive automation support, including local area networks for data communications within command post structures and wide area communications li...

For years, simulations have been used by analysis and planning staffs to develop and rehearse operation plans, analyze results, and develop doctrine. Typically, combat simulations are used most heavily during the planning stages of an operation, prior to battlefield action. However, simulations are increasingly being used during operations to perform course of action analyses (COAA) and develop...

The construct of situation awareness (SA) has become a core theme within the human factors (HF) research community. Consequently, there have been numerous attempts to develop reliable and valid measures of SA but there is a lack of techniques developed specifically for the assessment of SA in command, control, communication, computers and intelligence (C4i) environments. During the design, deve...

Key to the future interoperability of Simulations with Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence (C4I) systems is the Defense Information Infrastructure Common Operating Environment (DII COE) Architecture. The DII COE is composed of configurable, layered, reusable software components that work together with specific C4I mission software to perform a task. All future DoD C4I s...

This paper presents the results of a case study in assessment of data alignment between C4I and M&S models. In the C4I domain the model is NATO's Land C2 Information Exchange Data Model (LC2IEDM). The LC2IEDM is a relational model, and is an international standard for tactical databases. In the M&S domain, the model is from the Warfighter's Simulation 2000 (WARSIM), the U.S. Army's next-generat...

Despite the presence of technical solutions such as the Joint Technical Architecture (JTA) and the Common Operating Environment (COE), and despite the political will manifested in form of mandates by the superior leadership to use respective common frameworks, the story of common projects of the Modeling & Simulations (M&S) Community and the Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Inte...