the rise of different sects among muslims and the formation of their creeds have been the effect of various religious and non religious factors. one religious belief that has been of particular importance in the creed of numerous muslim sects, especially of the shi'i ones, has been mahdawiyah, or the belief in mahdi. in its shi'i from, the belief in mahdi has been closely intertwined ...

like other religions, there are various currents in imami shiite in the first centuries. this article, relying on discourse analysis and by concentrating on oppositions, attempts to identify the internal shiite currents in iraq and iran in the second and third centuries. according to historical evidences, the opposition between school of hisham ibn al-hakam and majority of shia, which was schoo...

historical approach along with various settings of society could display up and downs. analysis of discovered discourses based on kufan exegetes’s data, could portrait exegetical school of shia in kufa; origins & evolution. asbagh ibn nobate kufi (55), the first exegetes of this corpus, has no any definite exegetical literature; but some large amount of his exegetical hadiths and their reflecti...

Bâtinism is one of the remarkable subjects in terms meanings it contains. On side medallion, there are those who consider themselves lucky because they rely on intuition, emotion and their chosen charismatic leaders reaching information. other side, we see communities that demonized excluded challenge absolutized beliefs mainstream politico-religious societies states. There social, economic, po...

Shikimate can be utilized as the sole source of carbon and energy of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Although biosynthesis and degradation of shikimate are well characterized in C. glutamicum, the transport of shikimate has hardly been studied. A mutant strain deficient in cgR_2523 loses the ability to grow on shikimate as well as to consume extracellular shikimate, indicating that the gene is invo...