نتایج جستجو برای: free conditions
تعداد نتایج: 1314517 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Let f , U and C represent, respectively, the free energy, the internal energy and the specific heat of the critical Ising model on the square M×N lattice with periodic boundary conditions, and f∞ represents f as M,N → ∞. We find that f , U and C can be written as: N(f −f∞) = ∑ ∞ i=1 fi/N 2i−1, U = − √ 2+ ∑ ∞ i=1 ui/N 2i−1 and C = 8 π lnN+ ∑ ∞ i=0 ci/N i andNf and U are well-defined odd function...
where f (p, 04-) is the Helmholz free energy density (HFED) in the limit ~, --~ 0; c~ = J" ~b(r)d~r; and fo(p) is the HFED for the case 'b = 0. It is shown rigorously that, for periodic boundary conditions, the conditional probability for a system in the grand canonical ensemble to violate the constraints at time t > 0, given that it satisfied them at time 0, is at most At, where 2~ is a quanti...
an efficient, mild and environmentally friendly method was developed for the strecker reaction to synthesize α-aminonitriles in the presence of methyl imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([hmim][hso4]) as an efficient catalyst. these syntheses were performed via a one-pot three-component condensation of aldehydes (or ketones), amines, and trimethylsilyl cyanide under mild and solvent free conditions.
an efficient and environmentally benign method for the synthesis of aryl iodides have been developed by diazotization of aromatic amines with nano2 and nanosilica periodic acid (nano-spia) as a green catalyst via grinding followed by a sandmeyer iodination by ki under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. the ensuing aryl diazonium salts supported on nano-spia were sufficiently stable ...
چکیده : * در یک واکنش تک ظرفی و با استفاده از واکنش آلدهید های آروماتیک و 3- متیل 1- فنیل پیرازولین-5- ان با نسبت مولی 1:1، ساختارهای هتروسیکل پیرازول سنتز شد. از مزایای آن، انجام واکنش در دمای اتاق، عدم نیاز به کاتالیزور، بازده بالای واکنش، استفاده از آب بعنوان حلال سبز و بی خطر به جای حلال های آلی وسمی می باشد . * توانستیم با استفاده از ملدرام اسید ومشتقات 2- هیدروکسی بنزآلدهید، ترکی...
this dissertation has six chapter and tree appendices. chapter 1 introduces the thesis proposal including description of problem, key questions, hypothesis, backgrounds and review of literature, research objectives, methodology and theoretical concepts (key terms) taken the literature and facilitate an understanding of national security, national interest and turkish- israeli relations concepts...
investigating the feasibility of a proposed model for geometric design of deployable arch structures
deployable scissor type structures are composed of the so-called scissor-like elements (sles), which are connected to each other at an intermediate point through a pivotal connection and allow them to be folded into a compact bundle for storage or transport. several sles are connected to each other in order to form units with regular polygonal plan views. the sides and radii of the polygons are...
in this thesis, we exploit a simple and suitable method for immobilization of copper(ii) complex of 4?-phenyl-terpyridine on activated multi-walled carbon nanotubes [amwcnts-o-cu(ii)-phtpy]. this nanostructure was characterized by various physico-chemical techniques. to ensure the efficiency and fidelity of copper species, the implementation of three-component strategies in click-chemistry all...
مقدمه : استعمال سیگار و مواد مخدر از جمله معضلات رایج بهداشتی محسوب می شوند. نه تنها استعمال سیگار، بلکه مواجه با دود آنها نیز عواقب زیادی را برای انسان ایجاد می نماید. در معرض دود سیگار بودن نیز خطر ابتلا به سرطان و بیماری های قلبی و عروقی را افزایش می دهد. یکی از عوامل مطرح شده در مورد مصرف سیگار اختلال در روند التیام زخم می باشد. بر همین اساس بر آن شدیم که به بررسی اثر مصرف سیگار بر روی باز ...
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