BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Biopsy sampling error can be a problem for the diagnosis of certain gastrointestinal tract diseases. Spectrally-encoded confocal microscopy (SECM) is a high-speed reflectance confocal microscopy technology that has the potential to overcome sampling error by imaging large regions of gastrointestinal tract tissues. The aim of this study was to test a recently developed ...

The objective of this study was to model seasonal behavior of broiler price in Iran that can be used to forecast the monthly broiler prices. In this context, the periodic autoregressive (PAR), the seasonal integrated models, and the Box-Jenkins (SARIMA) models were used as the primary nominates for the forecasting model. It was shown that the PAR (q) model could not be considered as an appropri...

A small macroeconomic model is constructed starting from a German money demand relation for M3 based on quarterly, seasonally unadjusted data for the period from 1976 to 1996. In contrast to previous studies we build a vector error correction model for M3, GNP, an innation rate and an interest rate spread variable to represent opportunity costs of holding money. Furthermore, import price innati...

this paper develops an analysis of budget deficit financing in termsof a crowding out or crowding in effect on the activity of the privatesector for the economies of iran and algeria as two mena countries,(because of its economic structures (dependence on oil revenue)) duringthe period 1970-2012 by using cointegration and vector errorcorrection approaches. the analysis confirms the existence of...

in this paper asymmetric price transmission mechanism and nonlinear adjustment between producer and retail prices of milk were examined in zanjan province of iran. for this purpose, a two-regime threshold vector error correction model (tvecm) and a sup-lm test developed by hansen and seo (2002) were employed for checking presence of a threshold effect. application of unit root tests indicated t...

this study investigated the dynamic relationship between money, prices and output in a multivariate structure of casualty analysis in iran for the two period of 1969 to 2012 (entire period) and 1989 to 2012 (sub-period). this statistical framework has been projected for situations where causal links may have changed over the sample period. results of a three-variable vector error correction mod...