divine religions have a significant impact on formation of social norms and strengthening of social capital through the promotion of the moral virtues. the purpose of this study is to demonstrate the impact of doctrines, rituals and ethical teachings of islam on muslims’ social capital in the 40 countries using the generalized trust index and the ordinary least squares method. research findings...

Aim: To assess the attitude of medical and pharmacy students in Asian and African universities towards scholarly research activities. Methods: An anonymous, cross-sectional, self-reported online survey questionnaire was administered to medical and pharmacy students studying in various Asian and African universities through social media between May and July 2016. A 68-item close-ended questionna...

In this paper, we assume that the social reality and the communal meaning about this reality are reflected in each other. In object-related activity two kinds of congruent elements are constructed – objectivated elements oriented internally towards the human mind and objectified elements oriented externally towards the social reality. We propose that the mutual construction of mind and social r...

A central principle of corporate social responsibility is that firms should treat their stakeholders in an ethical fashion and that this behaviour should embrace environmental, as well as economic and social considerations. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a theoretical exploration of the concept of sustainable development in its broadest sense and, in so doing, encourage researchers a...

Most centralities proposed for identifying influential spreaders on social networks to either spread a message or to stop an epidemic require the full topological information of the network on which spreading occurs. In practice, however, collecting all connections between agents in social networks can be hardly achieved. As a result, such metrics could be difficult to apply to real social netw...

Cultural-historical Activity Theory (CHAT) offers us a unique lens to look at human activity in context. As such it is not a theory which aims to evaluate the “objective” truth of the social world, aiming to empirically prove or falsify testable hypotheses. CHAT is closer to ethnomethodology’s notion of theory. It is an attempt to make concrete sociology’s theoretical constructs with reference ...

In the pre-modern world, people mostly lived in small communities, and work was accomplished individually or by a small group of people. There were few occasions that called for coordinated effort by a sizeable group. In such instances, the coordination was secured by generating a rhythm. Peasants pulling a heavy load, seamen unfurling sails and soldiers marching into battle coordinated their a...