Literature concerning the effects of Ramadan fasting on sports performance presents conflicting results. In this context, some studies reported a significant impairment of sports performance during the month of Ramadan. However, other studies suggested that Ramadan fasting has no significant effect on physical performance.  The discrepancies between the studies could be explained by time-of-day...

purpose muslim athletes may continue training and competing while they are fasting. there is a concern about negative effects of fasting on sports performance. this study aimed to investigate the influence of two training time frames on athletes’ body composition and performance during ramadan fasting. methods an observational study was conducted and thirty four male volunteer athletes from dif...

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These reflections aim to increase awareness of the contradictions inherent in the definition of sport and its relation to health and education. Taking the doping issue as a point of departure, we seek to open a general debate regarding the impact of the sports performance industry on public health. Illegal doping practices lead to the health insecurity of many professional and aspiring athletes...

Is it possible for the “natural” athlete who competes without chemical assistance to achieve record-breaking performances in sports requiring strength, power, speed, or endurance? Because doping tests are infrequently positive in international sports, it has been widely believed that the answer is yes — and that few athletes competing in major sporting events, including the Olympic Games and th...

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Phospholipids are essential components of all biological membranes. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and Phosphatidylserine (PS) are Phosphatidyl-phospholipids that are required for normal cellular structure and function. The participation in physical activity often challenges a variety of physiological systems; consequently, the ability to maintain normal cellular function during activity can determin...