This paper aims at disentangling possible causal mechanisms mediating the impacts of soft transport policies. A general conceptual framework is first presented to clarify how hard and soft transport policy measures influence travel behaviour. After that several models are presented which identify psychological determinants of people´s current travel behaviour as well as their motivation to chan...

determining strategy, as a very effective tool for policy (and especially science and technology policy), helps governments to be able in the challenges such as globalization and increased competition, and have an appropriate respond in the world today. although some scattered researches about strategy determining have been conducted in iran, the purpose of them is to recognize the future of it...

Tackling obesity has been a policy priority in England for more than 20 years. Two formal government strategies on obesity in 2008 and 2011 drew together a range of actions and developed new initiatives to fill perceived gaps. Today, a wide range of policies are in place, including support for breastfeeding and healthy weaning practices, nutritional standards in schools, restrictions on marketi...

In this paper we show that the static conflict resolution strategy of XACML is not always sufficient to satisfy the policy needs of an organisation where multiple parties provide their own individual policies. Different conflict resolution strategies are often required for different situations. Thus combining one or more sets of policies into a single XACML ‘super policy’ that is evaluated by a...

The objective is to present a reservoir management system which is capable of determining optimal operating rules both for flood event based and normal operation while at the same time attempting to achieve ecologically oriented operation. In order to maintain the variability of the natural flow regime, a new dynamic operating policy is introduced for normal operation. Flood event based operati...

Macroeconomic crises not only affect the current living standards of the poor, but their ability to grow out of poverty. This paper presents evidence on the impact of economic crisis on poverty and inequality in Latin America. Crises not only result in higher poverty rates but also may cause irreversible damage to the human capital of the poor. In light of this evidence, the author concludes th...