I n the past decades, the effect of different tax amendments on various economic issues has been studied. The majority of these studies have avoided considering shadow economy as part of the calculation and analysis, and an issue, which has received little attention, is the relationship between green tax reforms and shadow economy, as for informal labor, which is well-connected to un...

In a general classification, the economy of any country is divided into two parts of official and invisible economies. Invisible activities drop outside the scope of the law and official economy and strongly affect socioeconomic development and the formal sector of all countries.These activities which are known under various titles including the shadow economy are influenced by various factors....

In manufacturing institutes the only access way to maximum profit is identifying the production mix of the products based on the limitations such as policies and politics, demand and production processes. This study identifies the constraints of a tile-manufacturing company including constraints in its production and demand line using LINGO software version 15, and identifying production bottle...

Cooking is one of the most popular activities at home; however, preparing a new dish by reading a recipe is not a trivial task. People might lose their current position in the recipe, misunderstand the required amount of ingredients, and generally become confused by the step that should be followed next. Shadow Cooking guides users with situated, step-by-step information projected on a kitchen ...

It is difficult, perhaps impossible, to catch the ‘feel’ of an ancient city. What we see is either a ruin or a shadow overlain by centuries of subsequent habitation. Nothing can be deader than the models or reconstructions of ancient buildings and districts: they may serve to recreate the formal interactions of the architects but they mislead badly in recreating the living reality within a livi...

There are several possible templates for award talks.1 The most common is an intellectual history—how I came to make all these wonderful discoveries. However, I am never completely happy with my work, as it seems a pale shadow of what I think it should have been. Thus I am picking a different model—things we all know but do not say out loud because we have no evidence to support them; and besid...

Ico and Shadow of the Colossus are two games of high critical acclaim that are well known for their emotional affect – particularly because some of those emotions are unusual amongst digital games. Analysis of emotion in video games often focuses on narrative and representative elements, and emotions regularly experienced by gamers such as frustration, victory, joy of discovery etc. This paper ...