Some bioecological aspects of grape leafhopper, Arboridia kermanshah Dlabola, including: the egg distribution under the leaf surface, eggs and nymphs spatial distribution on the vine arms, the adult distribution on three strata of the vine canopy, the adult diel activities and the geographical distribution of this species in Isfahan province were studied. Samplings were done in the 1997. The eg...

After the spread of Islam in its early centuries, Muslims of other regions built mosques according to their vernacular architecture and geographical attributes. Baluchestan of Iran was one of the regions where Islam flourished during the early Islamic centuries, and the locals built their mosques according to their region’s geography, culture, and materials. These mosques have different c...

Introduction: Social capital is being considered as way to achieve sustainable rural development as far asthe development experts are concerned. It is argued that social capital make the achievement of sustainable development possible taking into consideration provided opportunities and major societies constants at different levels including micro and macro level. In other word, social capit...

Marketing of agricultural products is being considered as one of the most fundamental and important measures for development in rural environments. As such, the identification of responsible factors for marketing of perishable products namely dairy products could facilitate marketing process and as a result diminish the associated problems in local communities. The identification of responsible...

Due to the complexity of air pollution action, artificial intelligence models specifically, neural networks are utilized to simulate air pollution. So far, numerous artificial neural network models have been used to estimate the concentration of atmospheric PMs. These models have had different accuracies that scholars are constantly exceed their efficiency using numerous parameters. The current...

It is so important to apply suitable methods to have a reliable estimation of the spatial distribution of trees. This research was aimed to determine and evaluate the spatial pattern of five species by distance- and density-based indices (Quercus brantii, Acer moncepesulanum, Crataegus aronia, Pistacia atlantica & Amygdalus lycioides) in the Kalkhani Forest in Koudasht Lorestan province, Iran. ...