In addition to purely practical values, there are cognitive values which figure in scientific deliberations. One way of introducing cognitive values is to consider the cognitive value that accrues to the act of accepting a hypothesis. Although such values may have a role to play in the matter of theory acceptance, this does not exhaust their significance in scientific decision-making. This pape...

Introduction. The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 (NCI) has posed a number questions for humanity, starting with impact on ability fetation in couple, pregnancy outcomes, its complications, and ending health future generations, including reproductive one. Aim. To analyze register pregnant women newborns Amur Region NCI to identify immediate complications neonatal period. Ma...

Prospect theory deviates from expected-utility theory by positing that how people frame a problem around a reference point has a critical influence on their choices and that people tend to overweight losses with respect to comparable gains, to be risk-averse with respect to gains and riskacceptant with respect to losses, and to respond to probabilities in a nonlinear manner. This study examines...

In decision-making tasks with two attributes and three alternatives, the similarity effect implies that, if the total expected utility is equal between two opposite alternatives (i.e., the target and competitor), the probability of the target being chosen decreases with the addition of the decoy similar to the target. This study demonstrated the similarity-compromise effect, wherein the probabi...

This study explored how preference reversals, induced by changes in response mode (choice vs. pricing), are moderated by how lotteries are represented, as being played 1, 10, or 100 times. Ss chose which of a pair of gambles they preferred to play and determined the minimum selling price of each gamble. Replicating previous research, the preference reversal was obtained for single-play represen...

We analyze a symmetric Bayesian game in which two players individually contribute to fund a discrete public good; contributions are refunded if they do not meet a threshold set by the seller of the good. We provide a general characterization of symmetric equilibrium strategies that are continuous and nonconstant over the set of values for which the good has a positive chance of provision. Piece...

Risk adjusted performance measurement for a portfolio involves calculating the contributions to total economic capital for sub-portfolios or single assets. We show that there is only one definition for the contributions which is suitable for performance measurement, namely as derivative of the underlying risk measure with respect to the weight of the considered sub-portfolio or asset. We review...

In this paper, we generalize the parametric ∆-VaR method from portfolios with normally distributed risk factors to portfolios with elliptically distributed ones. We treat both the expected shortfall and the Value-at-Risk of such portfolios. Special attention is given to the particular case of a multivariate t-distribution.