Information on the effect of long-term management on soil nutrients and chemical properties is scanty. We examined the 30-year effect of tillage frequency and cropping sequence combination on dryland soil Olsen-P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, SO4-S, and Zn concentrations, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) at the 0-120 cm depth and annualized crop yield in the northern Great...

A year-round grazing system for springand fall-calving cows was developed to compare animal production and performance, hay production and feeding, winter forage composition changes, and summer pasture yield and nutrient composition to that from a conventional, or minimal land system. Systems compared forage from smooth bromegrass-orchardgrass-birdsfoot trefoil pastures for both systems in the ...

Foliar infections in California bay (Umbellularia californica) are the most important known source of inoculum contributing to Phytophthora ramorum canker in coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia). This research addressed the question whether there is a “safe” distance between California bay and coast live oak beyond which the risk of disease is acceptably low. We quantitatively evaluated bay cover...

The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic provides a unique opportunity for detailed examination of the spatial dynamics of an emerging pathogen. In the US, the pandemic was characterized by substantial geographical heterogeneity: the 2009 spring wave was limited mainly to northeastern cities while the larger fall wave affected the whole country. Here we use finely resolved spatial and temporal influenz...

Accurate predictions of the abundance migrating birds are important to avoid aerial conflicts birds, for example, with aviation or wind power installations. Here we develop a predictive model, using bird migration intensity extracted from operational weather data. We compare baseline phenological models incorporating both local and remote conditions an ensemble approach. Single compared (averag...

JCO/JANUARY 2003 F devices are increasingly being used for molar distalization in Class II treatment because they eliminate the need for special patient compliance. These appliances fall into two main categories: intra-arch (such as the Distal Jet,* Jones Jig,* and Hilgers Pendulum**) and interarch (such as the Herbst*** and active springs). The spring appliances can be further divided into can...