In recent years the generativity of digital artifacts (DA) has gained much attention in the literature on innovation. DA are seen as capable of driving innovation in businesses and public services through their capability of being combined with other modules and also embedded as subcomponents of systems designed for other purposes. Therefore a digital product can be seen as an intermediate stat...

State estimators for induction motors are generally designed based on standard simplified models, assuming linear magnetic characteristics. Since they are actually nonlinear, especially for high power machines, the mentioned state estimators are likely not able to achieve the estimation accuracy they have been designed for. In this paper, a new state estimator is developed for a (uniform air-ga...

Abstract In this paper, multi-objective optimization (MOO) of Al2O3-water nanofluid flow in microchannel heat sinks (MCHS) with triangular ribs is performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms (NSGA II). At first, nanofluid flow is solved numerically in various MCHS with triangular ribs using CFD techniques. Finally, the CFD data will...

Convergent product is an assembly shape concept integrating functions and sub-functions to form a final product. To conceptualize the convergent product problem, a web-based network is considered in which a collection of base functions and sub-functions configure the nodes and each arc in the network is considered to be a link between two nodes. The aim is to find an optimal tree of functionali...

this article reviews will focus on the concept and formation of micro particles (mps) in circulation and their role in transfusion medicine and immune system. mps are cell membrane derived vesicles which express markers of their parent cells and are found in circulation at low levels. exact functions of mps are unclear. in here, physiological almost all types of circulating mps including platel...

Just a few years ago, it was fashionable to decry the short-sightedness of the American financial system, the tendency of U.S. financial markets to ignore longer-term corporate prospects while focusing heavily on quarterly earnings reports. There were repeated calls for the U.S. to adopt new laws that would permit financiers to take a longer view of their investments, and to move toward the mor...

Complexity is examined in the context of Ashby’s Law of Requisite Variety, and systems are shown to rapidly reach transcomputability, at which point they become uncontrollable. The circular notion of control is introduced, where control occurs “between”. Systems that are in principle beyond control are defined as unmanageable. Unmanageability is examined and shown to be potentially enrichening,...

Sports events, as the ancient Greeks knew well, could be used as a substitute for war in city-state competition, hence the creation of the ancient Olympics. Although the founder of the modern Olympics, Pierre de Coubertin, envisioned an event free of consumerism and nationalism, they are now a forum for national conflict and rivalry (Riggs 1993). As Katz and Dayan (1985) argue, the Olympics are...