Consider a decision problem that cannot be 1 ? approximated by circuits of a given size in the sense that any such circuit fails to give the correct answer on at least a fraction of instances. We show that for any such problem there is a speciic \hard-core" set of inputs which is at least a fraction of all inputs and on which no circuit of a slightly smaller size can get even a small advantage ...

introduction: bleomycin sulfate is a dna damaging agent used in cancer chemotherapy. the effect of this drug on various cell cycle stages might be different, thus inducing different modes of death (apoptotic or mitotic death). the aim of this investigation was to study the effects of bleomycin on human peripheral blood lymphocytes at various cell cycle stages by two different end points (induct...

We present Shekoosh, a novel framework for constraint-based generation of structurally complex inputs of large sizes. Given a Java predicate that represents the desired structural integrity constraints, Shekoosh systematically explores the input space of the predicate and generates inputs that satisfy the given constraints. While the problem of generating an input that satisfies all the given c...