abstract in this paper,using a structural decomposition analysis (sda) and the latest available input-output tables we investigate the sources of labor productivity growth in norway, south korea and iran. then, the contribution of each source in the growth of labor productivity is discussed. the results show that among six factors, value added coefficient is the most influencing factoracross al...

abstract aims: one of the consequences of taking ground water into surface is changing its chemical quality, specially increasing the concentration of dissolved salts. this research was performed in order to analyze growth possibility of heterotrophic bacteria in the membrane of active desalination plants in kashan city, iran. instrument & methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was don...

In Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), it is assumed that the role of each factor is known asinput or output. However, in some cases, there are shared factors that their input versusoutput status is not clearly known. These are flexible measures. In such cases, determiningwhether a factor is input or output is ambiguous. Therefore, using fuzzy concept seems to benecessary.In this paper, a two phas...

We explain the raison d’être and basic ideas of input/output logic, sketching the central elements with pointers to other publications for detailed developments. The motivation comes from the logic of norms. Unconstrained input/output operations are straightforward to define, with relatively simple behaviour, but ignore the subtleties of contraryto-duty norms. To deal with these more sensitivel...

The memory plates can be used with con ventional 2-to-1 current -coincidence drive. This is particularly suitable for compact, lower power consuming, transistor driven, memories of relatively small capacity. A new method is proposed of driving memories particularly suitable for plates. The memory plates are driven by an end-on switch itself made of plates. The switch operates in a set-a-line an...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been proven as an efficient technique to evaluate the performance of homogeneous decision making units (DMUs) where multiple inputs and outputs exist. In the conventional applications of DEA, the data are considered as specific numerical values with explicit designation of being an input or output. However, the observed values of the data are sometimes imprec...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is an approach to measure the relative efficiency of decision-making units with multiple inputs and multiple outputs using mathematical programming. In the traditional DEA, it is assumed that we know the input or output role of each performance measure. But in some situations, the type of performance measure is unknown. These performance measures are called flexi...