The transfer of pyrene between high density lipoproteins was studied as a model of lipid exchange. When high density lipoprotein containing pyrene was mixed with unlabeled lipoprotein, pyrene excimer fluorescence decreased with a half-time of approximately 3 ms. The rate of pyrene transfer was invariant over a 100-fold range of unlabeled lipoprotein concentrations. Since a decrease in excimer f...

In this paper, we examine whether a monetary authority targets the exchange rate, per se, or instead simply appears to do so as it responds to the exchange rate and other variables in service to inflation and output targets. We combine data-rich estimation with a system of forward-looking equations in order to disentangle the possibilities. The combined approach reveals the potentially misleadi...

We study whether the nonlinear behavior of the real exchange rate can help us account for the lack of predictability of the nominal exchange rate. We construct a smooth nonlinear error-correction model that allows us to test the hypotheses of nonlinear predictability of the nominal exchange rate and nonlinear behavior on the real exchange rate in the context of a fully specified cointegrated sy...

Two types of statistical models are empirically applied to test the pattern of volatility in the exchange rate markets. One considers the autoregressive models and tests the random walk hypothesis. The other considers the conditional variance process and tests the hypothesis of chaotic dynamics. Empirical results mostly support the random walk hypothesis and also the existence of Lorenz-type ch...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: F31 C13 C45 Keywords: Exchange rate forecasting Purchasing power parity Artificial neural network Investors consider foreign exchange as being among the most significant financial markets. Many discussions regarding economic development, growth strategies and stabilization policies place real exchange rate to play the most important role in the macroeco...

Here we report the first measurement of homogeneous electron transfer between oxidized and reduced metal tris(bipyridine) core dendrimers by NMR line-broadening; the results indicated that, as the generation of the dendrimer increased, the rate of self-exchange decreased.

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and spin-locking (SL) experiments were both able to probe the exchange process between protons of nonequivalent chemical environments. To compare the characteristics of the CEST and SL approaches in the study of chemical exchange effects, we performed CEST and SL experiments at varied pH and concentrated metabolite phantoms with exchangeable amide, a...

Purified phosphoryl transferase catalyzes an ATP-ADP exchange reaction. Evidence is presented which excludes the possibility that the exchange activity of the preparation is due to contaminating adenylate kinase. The rate of the exchange reaction is affected by the molar ratio of ATP to ADP. The reaction is not highly specific either for the divalent metal ion or for the nucleoside triphosphate...