the realization optimality theory is a recent development in the original optimality theory which is proposed to deal with morphological issues especially the inflectional ones. its main idea is to consider the morphological realization rules as ranked violable language-specific constraints that control the realization processes and provide phonological information of grammatical morphemes. thi...

  Background: The effect of psychosocial work environment on personal and organizational aspects of employees is well-known and it is of fundamental importance to have valid tools to evaluate them. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ).   Methods : The questionnaire was translated into Persian and then b...

OBJECTIVE To translate the Quality of Communication Questionnaire (QOC) to Portuguese and adapt it for use in Brazil in COPD patients receiving palliative care. METHODS After approval from the first author of the original QOC and the local research ethics committee, the original, 13-item version of the questionnaire was independently translated to Brazilian Portuguese by two Brazilian transla...

conclusions according to the results of this study, we can conclude that our suggested model is suited to explaining the pathways of stress among iranian male staff. results a total of 575 individuals (all male) were recruited for the study. their mean (±sd) age was 33.49 (±8.9) and their mean job experience was 12.79 (±8.98) years. the pathway of job stress among iranian male staff showed an a...

chipped stones, like many other archaeological artifacts, change in their original context. one of the most important changes is breakage. although it is clear that chipped stones which are gathered by archaeologists might have been broken, there have been few discussions made on the estimating the original number of chipped stones before breaking. in this article we have introduced different m...

94 © 2012 Guilford Publications, Inc. The authors thank Jeff Sherman and Denise Sekaquaptewa for sharing their research materials, Courtney Brown and Laura Howland for their assistance with data collection and coding, and Thomas Mussweiler for his feedback on this work. Experiment 3a was conducted as part of the second author’s doctoral dissertation. Correspondence concerning this article shoul...