A series of activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by K2CO3 activation from kraft lignin (KL) that was recovered from papermaking black liquor. The effects of process parameters such as the activation temperature (AT), activated period, K2CO3 to KL mass ratio, and N2 flow rate on the characteristics of the final product were determined. The ACs were characterized using nitrogen adsorption, morph...

a method has been presented for finding the solution surface of the npde: u  c , bounded by a general space curve. the method is based on the geometric characteristics of the surface, and is called the “cone-slot method”. it has been shown that such a surface can be obtained by movement of a cone inside the slot formed by the boundary space curve. an algorithm has been suggested on the basis ...

The dynamic distribution of intravenously infused solutions between the plasma and the interstitial compartments was studied. A mathematical model developed to simulate infusion experiments considered transcapillary fluid and protein exchange, lymph flow, interstitial compliance, capillary surface area, and peripheral vascular resistance. The experimental arterial and venous blood pressure resp...

research in convective heat transfer using suspensions of nanometer-sized solid particles in base liquids started only over the past decade. recent investigations on nanofluid, as such suspensions are often called, indicate that the suspended nanoparticles remarkably change the transport properties and heat transfer characteristics of the suspension. bending walls can also improve heat transfer...

an epoxy resin was modified by silica nanoparticles and cured with an anhydride. the particles with different batches of 12, 20, and 40 nm sizes were each distributed into the epoxy resin ultrasonically. electron microscopy images showed that the silica particles were well dispersed throughout the resin. tensile test results showed that young’s modulus and tensile strength increased with the vo...

Membrane organelles often have complicated shapes and differ in their volume, surface area and membrane curvature. The ratio between the surface area of the cytosolic and luminal leaflets (trans-membrane area asymmetry (TAA)) determines the membrane curvature within different sites of the organelle. Thus, the shape of the organelle could be critically dependent on TAA. Here, using mathematical ...

this paper reports a cfd modeling study to investigate the hydrogen-air mixture combustion in a micro scale chamber. nine species with nineteen reversible reactions were considered in the premixed combustion model. the effect of operational and geometrical conditions including; combustor size, wall conductivity, reactant flow rates and hydrogen feed splitting on combustion stability and outlet ...

Although there is evidence that the deformability of the entire red blood cell (RBC) decreases during aging, reports on changes in relevant specific properties associated with the aging process are limited and not in total agreement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate some of the factors that might contribute to this decreased deformability. Geometric, osmotic, and membrane mechanical pr...

The recently developed Occamian approach for solving inverse problems was applied to surface imaging of cool stars. With a set of tests the effects of data noise and uncertainties of the stellar parameters on the solution have been investigated. The spot locations and spot configuration are found to be well determined in most cases. The spot contrast can be successfully restored in case of adeq...