the question of whether architectural creativity is more of an artistic or engineering nature is one with a long history but also one with no conclusive answer. the art camp would argue that technology should be treated as a means towards and end, and that technology alone cannot give meaning to our lives. the engineering camp on the other hand would argue that good problem-solving results in b...

Investment advisory services of financial service providers (FSPs) exhibit several characteristics that are detrimental to advisory quality. The interaction of advisor and client is strained by a lack of transparency regarding the advisory process (what activities are performed and why) and the information used therein (what information is used for what purpose and with what effect), as well as...

this paper initially examines theories proposed by feenberg abouttechnical systems and alternative modernity, analyzes his thoughts, andconcludes that a framework of values needs to be provided in shapingtechnical systems. in a society like iran, where policy makers are looking forthe realization of islamic values, this framework of values is derived fromislam. to explain the relationship betwe...

civil liability in electronic communications is one the most important issues of information and communications technology (ict) law. civil liability may be arisen from different causes such as copyright and trade mark infringement invasion of privacy and defamation. when discussing civil liability, two different civil liability systems may be considered: direct and indirect civil liability. in...