in this paper, the problem of turbulent forced convection flow of water- alumina nanofluid in a uniformly heated pipe has been thoroughly investigated. in numerical study, single and two-phase models have been used. in single-phase modeling of nanofluid, thermal and flow properties of nanofluid have been considered to be dependent on temperature and volume fraction. effects of volume fraction a...

Hydraulic fracturing is a phenomenon in which cracks propagate through the porous medium due to high pore fluid pressure. Hydraulic fracturing appears in different engineering disciplines either as a destructive phenomenon or as a useful technique. Modeling of this phenomenon in isothermal condition requires analysis of soil deformation, crack and pore fluid pressure interactions. In this paper...

The governing equations of a compositional model for three-phase multicomponent fluid flow in multi-dimensional petroleum reservoirs are cast in terms of a pressure equation and a set of component mass balance equations in this paper. The procedure is based on a pore volume constraint for component partial molar volumes, which is different from earlier techniques utilizing an equation of state ...

We present the principles of variable pure polarization rotators based on the accumulation of a geometric phase that is obtained by coiling a beam of light via discrete reflections. They consist of two pseudo rotators in series. By changing the angle between the pseudo rotators the geometric phase acquired by the light is varied. We describe in detail two important examples: the variable-angle ...

The answer to this question lies in knowing the moral standing of Phase IV studies and whether we ought to conduct them. And to know this, in part, we need to compare them to studies in Phases I, II, and III and then determine where Phase IV studies stand in relation to Phase I–III studies scientifically and commercially.

We present a hyperbolic-elliptic model problem related to the equations of two-phase fluid flow. The model problem is solved numerically, and properties of its solution are presented. The model equation is wellposed when linearized around a constant state, but there is a strong focusing effect, and very large solutions exists at certain times. We prove that the model problem has a smooth soluti...

In recent years, advances in power electronics have led to an increase of three-phase motor drive systems controlled by inverters. If inverters fail operate, there is the possibility a shutdown drives. specific applications such as electric vehicles, inverter failure leads loss vehicle’s propulsion ability, causing safety issues like traffic accidents and other consequences. order assure non-st...