In secure roaming service, the foreign server must authenticate the roaming user, who originally subscribed to the home server. Hence, an authentication mechanism is currently important requirement for providing secure roaming services and protects the location privacy of users on unidentified authentication. The unidentified authentication will process without participating the home server on ...

In this paper we study the problem of long-term capacity adequacy in electricity markets. We implement a dynamic model in which firms compete for investment and electricity production under imperfect Cournot competition. The main aim of this work is to compare three investment incentive mechanisms: reliability options, forward capacity market and capacity payments. Apart from the oligopoly case...

Today’s wave soldering processes solder electronic assemblies within the large eutectic tin lead processing window. The issues surrounding the conversion to lead free assembly are multiple and varied. Logistics, cost, material selection, and equipment choices/options are some of these challenges that require planning and organization. However, at the core of lead free assembly is soldering. The...

In restructured electric power industries around the world, power pool designers have enabled generators to earn revenues consisting of energy and capacity payments. This paper discusses uses and abuses of capacity payments, and links provision of these payments to the issue of pricing reliability. A general formula for determining the ideal capacity price in a generation supply system is prese...

Testing the performance of electricity markets using POWERWEB has already shown that relatively inexperienced players can identify and exploit market power in load pockets. When transmission constraints are not binding, however, auctions with six players have been shown to be efficient. There is evidence from operating electricity markets that prices can be driven above competitive levels when ...

This paper illustrates how a supplier profit may be affected by the market pricing mechanism under imperfect competition. A parameterized Supply Function Equilibrium (SFE) model involving manipulation of the sole intercept is used to represent the strategic behavior of each supplier. Through utilizing a bilevel optimization technique and a Mathematical Program with Equilibrium Constraints (MPEC...