This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model for the design of a waste management system consisting of customers, transfer stations, landfills and collection vehicles. The developed model aims to simultaneously minimize the total costs, greenhouse gas emissions and the rates of energy consumption. To tackle the multiple objectives in the problem, we utilize an interactive fuzzy prog...

Background & Aims of the Study:  Collection and transportation of municipal solid waste (MSW) for various reasons, especially economic and social are considered as one of the most important elements of the solid waste management system. More than sixty percent of the costs in solid waste management systems in different countries are due to the collection and transportation...

This paper presents a tool for the analysis of conversion of organic waste into energy. The tool is a program that uses waste characterization parameters and mass flow rates at each stage of the waste treatment process to predict the given products. The specific waste treatment process analysed in this paper is anaerobic digestion. The different waste treatment stages of the anaerobic digestion...

Improvement of the current waste management is one of the main challenges for most municipalities in Croatia, mainly due to legal obligations set in different European Union (EU) directives regarding waste management, such as reduction of waste generation and landfilling, or increase of separately collected waste and recycling rates. This paper highlights the current waste management in the cit...

This paper examines the policy trends of electronic waste (e-waste) management in Asia. E-waste is a rapidly growing waste stream in the world today and is estimated to be growing at 3–5 % per annum. Fast paced obsolescence in the electronic sector has resulted in the generation of e-waste. There are concerns that e-waste generated in developed countries is ending up in developing countries esp...

In recent years, concrete in the construction industry has rapidly increased worldwide, including developing countries like India. The raw materials required to produce such a quantity require huge depletion of natural resources. On other hand, disposal paper waste, fly ash, and plastic waste is one biggest problems faced by many countries, India, amount collected recycled less compared quantit...

This paper represents a detailed assessment on raw material waste generation of a semi-automated powder filling and packing process by applying certain quality tools such as Pareto Analysis and Fishbone Diagram. The aim of this study is to identify the sources or categories of raw material waste and analyse its underlying causes. Waste generation is an unavoidable incident in any production pro...

In Nazi Germany (1933–45), reclaiming waste became an intrinsic component of the regime’s economy as well its ideological, racial, and expansionist ambitions. National Socialist interventions into streams began in 1934 with salvage campaigns. The state then brought urban policies municipal services under control, restructuring ‘Aryanising’ trade. Moreover, both consumers producers were prompted...

Rapid urbanization and industrialization, population growth and economic growth in developing countries make management of municipal solid waste more complex comparing with developed countries. Furthermore, the conventional municipal solid waste management approach often is reductionists, not tailored to handle complexity. Therefore, the need to a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary approach r...