Bayesian techniques specify how to update beliefs about a variable given information on that variable or related variables. In many cases, statistical analyses also provide information about the relationship between variables, but the Borel Paradox prohibits many natural ways of updating beliefs conditioned on information about a relationship. This paper presents a method by which beliefs can b...

China is a country that is arousing a large amount of interest as a new mega-market, as it opens itself to a market-orientated economy and expands at a remarkable rate. However, the influx of international investment, new business opportunities and advertising from overseas has seen Chinese consumers being exposed to potentially offensive advertising products and images. While some products and...

Obesity is a serious public health problem and a particular challenge in people with mental health disorders (Devlin 2000). Bariatrics is the branch of medicine that offers treatment of obesity, and bariatric surgery is an increasingly common intervention for morbid obesity. It is typically requested by the primary care team. Before an individual is considered for surgery, the National Institut...

Implicit bias has recently gained much attention in scholarly attempts to understand and explain different forms of social injustice by identifying causally relevant mental states in individual’ minds. Here we question the explanatory power of implicit bias in a particular type of injustice, testimonial injustice, and more generally in what we call speech injustice. Testimonial injustice occurs...

1954. To be sure, Ball saw the appeal of the Korea, Munich, and dominochain analogies, but in each, he also saw serious weaknesses; more important, he felt he saw deeper similarities to the situation the French had faced, which led him to his gloomy but accurate predictions of what would happen to American troops if they went in. I found this discussion enlightening, but it left me wondering, W...

To the degree that citizens have participated in, or derived benefits from, social institutions that have helped cause serious, life-threatening, or rights-threatening environmental injustice (EIJ), this article argues that they have duties either to stop their participation in these institutions or to compensate for it by helping to reform them. (EIJ occurs whenever children, poor people, mino...