Mixed convection of Cu-Water nanofluid is studied numerically in a shallow inclined enclosure by applying lattice Boltzmann method. The D2Q9 lattice and internal energy distribution function based on the BGK collision operator are used in order to develop the thermal flow field. The enclosure's hot lid has the constant velocity of U0 while its cold lower wall has no motion. Moreover, sidewalls ...

The bio-thermal convection in a rotating layer of porous medium saturated with Newtonian fluid gyrotactic microorganisms is studied on the basis Darcy–Brinkman model. A linear analysis carried out using Galerkin method for rigid-rigid boundary conditions. In stationary regime, we obtained dispersion equation relation between thermal Rayleigh–Darcy number and bioconvection. influence Peclet numb...

the aim of the present study was to assess the bio-trickling filter startup for the treatment ofwastewater produced by pegah dairy company at psychrophilic condition. the startup time of a bio-tricklingfilter is directly proportional to the concentration of microbial population. abio-trickling column with a height of150 cm was packed with lava rocks with the liquid recirculated through the pack...

Abstract In this study, a mathematical model is developed to scrutinize the transient magnetic flow of Cross nanoliquid past stretching sheet with thermal radiation effects. Binary chemical reactions and heat source/sink effects along convective boundary condition are also taken into consideration. Appropriate similarity transformations utilized transform partial differential equations (PDE’s) ...

The fluid flow and heat transfer in lid-driven enclosures filled with Cu-water nanofluid is numerically investigated. The moving vertical walls of the enclosure  are maintained in a constant temperature, while the horizontal walls are insulated. The hybrid scheme is used to discretize the convection terms and SIMPLER algorithm is adopted to couple the velocity field and pressure in the momentum...

The physiological mechanisms conduction, convection, and radiation exchange the heat energy in bi-directional routes between body temperature field. Metabolism evaporation are uni-directional for of energy. In metabolic process, creates internal energy, whereas loses excess through process maintains temperature. This study has shown steady unsteady state distribution three skin layers: epidermi...

In this paper we review main results of Raleigh Bénard convection. Keywords—Convection, Turbulence Thermal convection is present everywhere. We find it in heating sauce pans, boilers, furnaces, and in the atmospheres of planets and stars. Convection is one of the most studied problem in sciences and engineering due to its enormous practical importance. Yet there are many unresolved issues in th...