abstract introduction: smoking is one of the sanitary problems in world today. increasing smoking of cigarette and other tobacco products has concerned health managers and community responsible. in recent decades, smoking has increased specially in developing countries and the smokers are adding every year. the objective of this study is determination of smoking prevalence and its distribution ...

background: the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and effect of lifestyle factors on cigarette and hookah use among adult re sidents of shiraz, iran. methods: in 2010, 1,000 participants were recruited in a multistage, random sampling cross-sectional population-based survey. results: response rate was 98%. prevalence of cigarette smoking was 9.7%. among cigarette ...

purpose: to evaluate the effects of smoking on the central corneal thickness (cct). methods: in a historical chohort analytic study, referred cases have been divided into two groups (cigarette smokers, and non–cigarette smokers).  laboratory tests including fasting blood sugar (fbs), blood urea nitrogen (bun); and blood pressure were checked. complete eye examination was performed. cct was meas...

Background Exposure to cigarette smoke has numerous health risks for infants and children. Home smoking ban is a simple way to reduce the detrimental impacts of cigarette smoke. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking bans in homes as well as associated factors in families with infants in Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods This study was a population-based cross-secti...

smoking is known as a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and hence immediate and effective interventions are required for its elimination. this study aimed to collect valid data with regard to cigarette smoking in adult population of north of iran for policy making by a meta-analysis of the documents of national non-communicable disease risk factors surveillance system....

background cigarette smoking is a common problem among teenagers. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking among teen boys in marivan city, based on health belief model. materials and methods a cluster randomized sample of 470 male students with16.2±2.5   from 6 secondary schools of marivan city- iran, completed a self-report and questionnaire consisting of hea...

background the annual risk of tuberculosis (tb) in iran is about 0.5% with annual incidence rate of 23/100000 (16322 cases). different factors have been postulated as tb predisposing factors. several studies have linked smoking with pulmonary tuberculosis as the tb incidence in their adult men was 2.4 times higher than women. in iran, however, this ratio is equal and somewhere the ratio in wome...

background: because of the increasing usage of waterpipe globally, we need to know more about the diff erent factors related to waterpipe and cigarette smoking. th erefore, the present study aims at gaining more insight on waterpipe and cigarette smoking based on perceived parental reaction and appeal and repellent of smoking among adolescents. materials and methods: a cross-sectional survey en...