The notion of nudge effects was investigated in two field experiments which focused on influencing customers’ purchases by manipulating the location and availability of food in a University canteen setting. Study 1 manipulated the location of fruit and confectionary. Study 2 restricted the types of bread (i.e. brown only not white) that customers could choose for their sandwiches. The results o...

Brands are widely recognised as a company's most valuable asset to consumers, which is why brands important consumers in their search for product differentiation and uniqueness, well decision making when choosing products increasing consumer confidence those products. In this study there was population of 114 respondents, but the researcher took sample 100 respondents. The results explain show ...

lawgiver, for the purpose of penal supporting of national historical-cultural monuments, ratified repeated article 566 of islamic penal code in 1388; which demonstrates three actions of “making fake cases”, “introducing, carrying or storing” and “buying of historical-cultural monuments” as crimes. this criminalizing was necessary and advantageous, but the procedure of criminalizing has some wea...

since the jurisprudential traditions have accepted clearly buying & selling the hunter dogs and there is no available jurisprudential traditions about other species of dogs like as flock, garden and..., many of the jurists don't accept the trading and selling of those dogs. but deliberating upon traditions show that the buying & selling of those dogs is correct and there is no problem. in ...

impulse buying behavior is one of main concepts in marketing. it is affected on various factors such as cultural factors, psychological factors, personal factors and positional factors. buying can be done because of different reasons (including of needing a production) and this fact aids marketers to better understand consumers’ behavior. impulse buying is one of pervasive aspect of consumer be...

Large-scale competitive P2P systems are threatened by the noncooperation problem, where peers do not forward queries to potential competitors. While non-cooperation is not a problem in current P2P free file-sharing systems, it is likely to be a problem in such P2P systems as pay-per-transaction file-sharing systems, P2P auctions, and P2P service discovery systems, where peers are in competition...

Interventions to increase cooperation in social dilemmas depend on understanding decision makers’ motivations for cooperation or defection. We examined these in five real-world social dilemmas: situations where private interests are at odds with collective ones. An online survey (N = 929) asked respondents whether or not they cooperated in each social dilemma and then elicited both open-ended r...

'Digital ecosystems' is a metaphor inspired by natural ecosystems which describes a set of distributed, adaptive, and open socio-technical systems. Being parts of such ecosystems, individual persons, public and private organisations are becoming increasingly dependent on each other. When such cooperation moves beyond simple buying and selling of goods and well-defined services, there is a need ...

BACKGROUND Bread types with high contents of whole grains and rye are associated with beneficial health effects. Consumer characteristics of different bread consumption patterns are however not well known. OBJECTIVE To compare bread consumption patterns among Swedish adults in relation to selected socio-demographic, geographic, and lifestyle-related factors. For selected consumer groups, the ...