The albedo of surfaces in urban areas plays an important role regulating the microclimate and needs to be measured. Artificial surfaces, e.g., pavements with lower than natural such as grass or soil, are a key contributor Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. However, widespread measurement pavement field remains challenging due limited available daylight hours record measurements, need for clear sky...

Current electronic circuits are characterised by their compact design of miniaturisation; however, such a feature has also contributed to the rise electromagnetic compatibility issues. This study introduces technique develop magnetic field probe for near-field measurement. The aims at performing debugging interference on an integrated circuit. Certain processes, as designing microstrip line in ...