Alchemy traces its roots back to the Egyptian civilisation where it emerged as a practising art and science and an expression of the Egyptian religion. Thus it was that the Egyptian Thoth, the god of mathematics and science, became the inspirational source for the Hellenistic figure of Hermes Trismegistus, who in turn became the model for the medieval Mercurius. The Greeks learned their Alchemy...

If the question were who among the philosophers was the first to realize that nature in all its operations follows the easiest path, or what amounts to the same thing, expends the least amount of effort, it would surely be ridiculous to suppose that any one modern philosopher could lay claim to this glorious discovery. The earliest philosophers had already recognized that nature does nothing in...

We show a lot of respect for science today. To back up our claims, we tend to appeal to scientific methods. It seems that we all agree that these methods are effective for gaining the truth. We can ask why science has its special status as a supplier of knowledge about our external world and our bodies. Of course, one should not always trust what scientists say. Nonetheless, epistemological jus...

one of the oldest and controversial issues that first springs to philosophersand theologians mind was relationship between reason and religion, and oneof the consequences of this controversies were division of philosophers andtheologians to fideism or inclusive and moderate critical rationalist.according to martyr motahhari, reason in itself does not contradict religion;and when reason conflict...

creation is one of the basic concepts which have a prominent role in all aspects of the islamic world-view; especially that man has been invited to thinking and reflection in the creature and creative. that is why the philosophers, theologians and mystics have presented their view points in this sphere and opened a new opinion. asharites tried to develop the sphere of divine will and power took...

we show a lot of respect for science today. to back up our claims, we tend to appeal to scientific methods. it seems that we all agree that these methods are effective for gaining the truth. we can ask why science has its special status as a supplier of knowledge about our external world and our bodies. of course, one should not always trust what scientists say. nonetheless, epistemological jus...

This paper deals with certain psychic automatisms that appear suddenly in the consciousness of the subject in a passive or automatic way and that usually are diagnosed as psychiatric symptoms or manifestations of an epileptic partial seizure. These mental automatisms are described in many writings by mystics, philosophers, literates, composers, and many different great artists and creators from...