The purpose of the present study is to identify the effective factors in citizen participation in waste generation and waste separation and their scientific analysis. In order to accomplish this goal, using descriptive-inferential research method, information was collected by documentary method. The statistical population of the study consisted of the citizens of two districts of Tehran 8 and 1...

The use of state-of-the-art separation tools from the pharmaceutical industry for addressing intractable separation problems from academic synthetic chemistry is evaluated, showing fast and useful results for the resolution of complex mixtures, separation of closely related components, visualization of difficult to detect compounds and purification of synthetic intermediates. Some recommendatio...

The charge generation mechanism in organic photovoltaics is a fundamental yet heavily debated issue. All the generated charges recombine at the open-circuit voltage (V_{OC}), so that investigation of recombined charges at V_{OC} provides a unique approach to understanding charge generation. At low temperatures, we observe a decrease of V_{OC}, which is attributed to reduced charge separation. C...

We are surrounded by sounds in our daily lives. To achieve a rich acoustic environment for the next generation, acoustical scene analysis and reproduction technologies are essential. The acoustic scene can be analyzed with cutting edge techniques such as source localization, source separation, dereverberation, noise reduction, and it can be reproduced by employing virtual acoustics via loudspea...

We introduce a new method to mesh a physical domain in parallel. Given a domain deened by a set of boundary facets, we construct a separator of it. As a result, we obtain several subdomains, each of them being deened by a set of boundary facets. Naturally, the separation step can be applied recursively to increase the number of subdomains, or to reduce the size of one subdomain. Then, a classic...

In this paper we address the optimal production of second generation of biodiesel using waste cooking oil and algae oil. We consider 5 different technologies for the transesterification of the oil (homogeneous acid or alkali catalyzed, heterogeneous basic catalyzed, enzymatic and supercritical non catalyzed). We formulate the problem as an MINLP where the models for each of the reactors are bas...

In this article we present a tool for the formal deenition and application of design patterns that is both process-and reuse-oriented. A formal model for design patterns allows us to unambiguously specify the steps in pattern instantiation. The model is based on Abstract Data Views and divides designs into both objects and views in order to maintain a separation of concerns. This formalism also...

In this paper quadratic programming problems with strict convex objective functions f and linear constraints are considered. Based on a nonlinear separation theorem, a complete characterization of constraints that are superfluous in an optimal point is given. It allows to derive sufficient conditions for deletion of restrictions. The corresponding conditions can easily be checked if upper bound...