This study introduces a green location, routing and inventory problem with customer satisfaction, backup distribution centers and risk of routes in the form of a non-linear mixed integer programming model. In this regard, time window is considered to increase the customer satisfaction of the model and transportation risks is taken into account for the reliability of the system. In addition, dif...

The efficiency of a photovoltaic (PV) system under partial shading conditions (PSCs) is primarily determined by how the PV panels are connected to load. Various architectures have been developed improve power processing capability and thus conversion efficiency. In this article, central string architecture considered, performance characteristics obtained using optimization techniques such as gr...

Metaheuristic algorithms are used to solve NP-hard optimization problems. These algorithms have two main components, i.e. exploration and exploitation, and try to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation to achieve the best possible near-optimal solution. The bat algorithm is one of the metaheuristic algorithms with poor exploration and exploitation. In this paper, exploration and ...

Retinal blood vessels are affected by a variety of eye diseases, including hypertensive retinopathy (HR) and diabetic (DR). A person with HR needs to be sure check their eyes regularly, which requires the use computer vision methods analyze images back help ophthalmologists automatically. Automated diagnostic systems useful for diagnosing different retinal diseases patients who need establish a...

Community discovery (CD) under complex networks is a hot discussion issue in network science research. Recently, many evolutionary methods have been introduced to detect communities of networks. However, optimization-based community still suffers from two problems. First, the initialization population quality current algorithm not good, resulting slow convergence speed, and final performance ne...

The Internet of Things (IoT) creates an environment where things are permitted to act, hear, listen, and talk. IoT devices encompass a wide range objects, from basic sensors intelligent devices, capable exchanging information with or without human intervention. However, the integration wireless nodes in systems brings about both advantages challenges. While connectivity enhances system function...