Helicobacter pylori may be the world's commonest chronic infection. Estimates suggest that more than half the world's population is infected by this gastric bacterium. Since the discovery and successful culture of H. pylori in the 1980s, it has become clear that the infection is important in the initiation of gastritis, resulting in numerous manifestations of gastroduodenal disease. Clinical ou...

A growing number of social scientists fear that marriage may be on the rocks and few doubt that matrimony, as we have known it, has undergone a wrenching period of change in the past several decades. Andrew Cherlin, a leading sociologist of the family, speaks of "the de-institutionalization of marriage," conceding a point to conservative commentators who have argued that marriage and the family...

BACKGROUND Biomedical scientists need to access figures to validate research facts and to formulate or to test novel research hypotheses. However, figures are difficult to comprehend without associated text (e.g., figure legend and other reference text). We are developing automated systems to extract the relevant explanatory information along with figures extracted from full text articles. Such...

Although most philosophical accounts about model/world relations focus on structural mappings such as isomorphism, similarity has long been discussed as an alternative account. Despite its attractions, proponents of the similarity view have not provided detailed accounts of what it means that a model is similar to a realworld target system. This article gives the outlines of such an account, dr...

Note: The background and methods related to this project and a comparison of all Australian jurisdictions, along with a short summary for Western Australia, are contained in the following journal article: Newman L, F Baum & E Harris (2006), ‘Federal, State and Territory government responses to health inequities and the social determinants of health in Australia’, Health Promotion Journal of Aus...

The construct of rapport is arguably one of the central, if not the central, construct necessary to understanding successful helping relationships and to explaining the development of personal relationships. The role of nonverbal behavior in initiating and signaling rapport has its roots in the work of Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson (1967). Tickle-Degnen and Rosenthal substantially advance our...

The 1996 welfare reform legislation expanded the use of sanctions under the assumption that welfare recipients can comply with work requirements and that they can calculate the costs and benefits of compliance. This research tests the validity of these assumptions through a recordand survey-based study of California welfare recipients. The article questions the validity of the assumptions, find...

Various tax policies provide consumers with forms of insurance. Social security has the payoff characteristics of an annuity. The income tax provides consumers with a degree of Income insurance because the government shares part of the individual's income risk. Redistributive taxes can be used to spread aggregate income risks across different generations The effects of these and other tax polic...