Few studies have looked at the interaction of place branding practices geographically linked places. Moreover, different administrative contexts places and resulting approaches not been taken into consideration. This study provides insight on interactions brands initiatives higher-level rural lower-level within their territory. A qualitative was conducted based cases three Danish municipalities...

The development of marketing activities enterprises is manifested in numerous concepts that enable them to gain and maintain a competitive advantage on the market. One such multi-level marketing, which form goods distribution, i.e. reaching customer directly order sell products / services him. An important element it avoids classic forms distribution wholesalers, shops or salesmen. aim study pr...

The adult education (AE) research community emphasise the importance of well-qualified personnel working in field AE. However, is facing with challenges achieving this aim. This chapter professionalisation AE from a multi-level perspective one European Union member state – Slovenia. Based on empirical data Slovenia, argues that coordination at three levels important: national level, strengthene...

One of the most complicated decision making problems for managers is the evaluation of bank performance, which involves various criteria. There are many studies about bank efficiency evaluation by network DEA in the literature review. These studies do not focus on multi-level network. Wu (Eur J Oper Res 207:856–864, 2010) proposed a bi-level structure for cost efficiency at the first time. In t...

This conceptual paper discusses the limitations of a single-perspective hierarchical approach to modelling and proposes multi-perspective modelling as a way to overcome them. As it turns out, multi-perspective modelling is primarily a new methodology, using existing modelling techniques but extending the modelling hierarchy with a new epistemological level which integrates the different perspec...