Generally, the evaluation and assessment of the critical condition of rill formation are useful for a better understanding of soil erosion processes. The inherence characteristics of soils, which have much dynamic variations on the hillslopes and are affected by rill formation, are the soil critical shear stress and soil erodibility factors. This study aims to assess experimental rill incision ...

Quantifying critical conditions of rill formation can be useful for a better understanding of soil erosion processes. Current studies lack a consensus and related rationale on how to describe these conditions. This study was based on the concepts that (1) the shear stress available for erosion at any given point is a function of the runoff rate, the slope steepness, and hydraulic characteristic...

Rill erosion frequently occurs in Mediterranean cultivated landscapes due to high rainfall intensities, low soil organic matter concentrations and low vegetation coverage. Among other rill erosion mitigation practices, farmers have historically built ditch networks to intercept runoff upstream of cultivated plots. However, the construction and maintenance of these ditches generate indirect cost...

I describe a novel hybrid approach to efficient parallel implementation of declaratively (and formally) specified applications. My approach proposes novel languages that support formal refinement and parallel distributions. I defer the complexity of designing user-level programming language features in favor of designing intermediate languages with specific properties and sufficient generality....

This article describes the sampling design, survey methodology and findings of a natural resources survey conducted in the Rathbun Lake Watershed in Southern Iowa in 1999-2000. The goal of the survey was to quantify the erosion from all sources on agricultural lands and the ecological health of streams for each of 61 subwatersheds in the area. A total of 183 plots of approximately 160 acres in ...