With the establishment of the social security system in 1924, Chile started the path towards UHC. A key milestone was the creation of the National Health System in 1952, which offered public subsidized coverage for the poor [1]. Currently, after the partial privatization of social security in 1981 the health system is mixed, both in insurance and in service provision [2], and health insurance r...

Financial protection should be the principal objective of any health system. Commonly used indicators for financial protection are out-of-pocket (OOP) payments as a share of total health expenditure and the amount of households driven into poverty by catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs). In the last decade, OOP health payments consisted of approximately one-fifth of the health finance resour...

BackgroundComparable estimates of household health spending and out-of-pocket (OOP) payment on care in India are a daunting task. Often these provided for specific services such as maternal care, type disease, hospitalisation, outpatient an episode hospitalisation. This paper presents comprehensive comparable hospitalisation over the past 15 years.MethodsA total 73,868 households 2004, 65,932 2...

Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments have severe consequences for health care access and utilisation and are especially catastrophic for the poor. Although women comprise the majority of the poor in Nigeria and globally, the implications of OOP payments for health care access from a gender perspective have received little attention. This study seeks to fill this gap by using a combination of quantitati...

More than 30 million people in the U.S. have diabetes, and approximately 7.4 (30% of those with diabetes) regularly use one or more insulin formulations. For who rely on it, i.e., all patients type 1 diabetes many 2 is a lifesaving medication. Between 2007 2016, average annual total Medicare Part D payment per person increased by 358%, which resulted an 81% increase for out-of-pocket (OOP) (1)....

Background Despite improvements in many health indicators, providing access to affordable healthcare remains a considerable challenge Bangladesh. Financing incidence analysis will enable an evaluation of how well the system performs achieve equity financing. The objective this study is assess burden out-of-pocket (OOP) cost on different socio-economic groups by assessing financing because OOP ...

Objective The objective of this study is to determine if critical illness insurance (CII) promotes the universal health coverage reduce out-of-pocket (OOP) medical expenditures and improve effective reimbursement rate (ERR) in rural China. Study design 5-year monthly hospitalisation data, starting 2 years before CII (ie, ‘intervention’) began, were collected. Interrupted time series analysis mo...

Background One of the objectives of the health transformation plan (HTP) in Iran is to reduce out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for inpatient services and eradicate informal payments. The HTP has three phases: the first phase (launched in May 5, 2014) is focused on reducing OOP payments for inpatient services; the second phase (launched in May 22, 2014) is focused on primary healthcare (PHC) and the...