Heretofore several position-based routing protocols have been developed for mobile ad hoc networks. Many of these protocols assume that a location service is available which provides location information on the nodes in the network.Our solutions decrease location update without loss of query success rate or throughput and even increase those.Simulation results show that our methods are effectiv...

The mobile nodes in MANETs dynamically change their topology and hence require an efficient mechanism to communicate with each other. There are number of routing protocols anticipated for MANET environment categorized as Location based routing protocols and Non-Location based routing protocols. In MANETs, Location based routing protocols are preferred as they are more efficient in routing compa...

employees’ satisfaction based on their physical environment is an important factor that can improve employees’ performance, job satisfaction, and organizational productivity in office buildings. occupants’ environmental satisfaction are related to 10 different characteristics, including thermal comfort, air quality, lighting, acoustic quality, office layout, workspace furnishing, cleanliness an...

Location based routing protocols are the kinds of routing protocols, which use of nodes’ location information, instead of links’ information for routing. They are also known as position based routing. In position based routing protocols, it is supposed that the packet source node has position information of itself and its neighbors and packet destination node. In recent years, many location bas...

The effective distribution of relief plays a critical role for rescue operations in post disaster. This paper constructs a multi-objective location-routing model for relief distribution problem. Nondominated sorting differential evolution algorithm is introduced to solve the model. Case studies expound the application of the model and algorithm in practice.

the capacitated location-routing problem (clrp) is a new research area in logistics and distribution management. this problem combines two difficult problems: the facility location problem (flp) and vehicle routing problem (vrp). the goal of the clrp is to open a subset of depots, assign the customers into open facilities, and then design vehicle tours in order to minimize the total cost. the t...