Residual stresses are formed due to inhomogeneous deformation gradients or temperature ®elds during the manufacturing and processing of components. In superposition with load stresses, they severely in ̄uence the strength and failure of components. For the non-destructive evaluation of the residual stresses in crystalline materials, well-developed angle dispersive methods for X-ray residual stre...

Wireless sensor networks are characterized by multihop wireless lossy links and resource constrained nodes. Energy efficiency is a major concern in such networks. In this paper, we study Geographic Routing with Environmental Energy Supply (GREES) and propose two protocols, GREES-L and GREES-M, which combine geographic routing and energy efficient routing techniques and take into account the rea...

The kinetic energy (KE) of intracardiac blood may play an important role in cardiac function. The aims of the present study were to 1) quantify and investigate the determinants of KE, 2) compare the KE expenditure of intracardiac blood between athletes and control subjects, and 3) quantify the amount of KE inside and outside the diastolic vortex. Fourteen athletes and fourteen volunteers underw...

The clustering Algorithm is a kind of key technique used to reduce energy consumption. It can increase the scalability and lifetime of the network. Energy-efficient clustering protocols should be designed for the characteristic of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. We propose and evaluate a new distributed energy-efficient clustering scheme for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which...

BACKGROUND Below-knee amputees commonly experience asymmetrical gait patterns and develop comorbidities in their intact and residual legs. Carbon fiber prosthetic feet have been developed to minimize these asymmetries by utilizing elastic energy storage and return to provide body support, forward propulsion and leg swing initiation. However, how prosthetic foot stiffness influences walking char...

Clustering provides an efficient management method and energy balancing scheme for ad-hoc sensor networks. Cluster head is the most important role in a cluster and it acts as a local data coordinator and maintains cluster information. Once malicious nodes or lower energy nodes are selected as cluster heads, the system would be greatly affected. Thus selection of trusted cluster heads with prope...

The decisions made by admission control algorithms are based on the availability of network resources viz. bandwidth, energy, memory buffers, etc., without degrading the Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirement of applications that are admitted. In this paper, we present an energy-aware admission control (EAAC) scheme which provides admission control for flows in an ad hoc network based on the know...