OBJECTIVES This study examines whether there is a difference between urban versus suburban and rural adolescents in their use of health services following two types of self-harm distinguished as self-harm with or without suicide intent. SETTING A nationwide cross-sectional school survey of 11 406 Norwegian adolescents aged 13-19 years in 73 Norwegian junior and senior high schools. PARTICIP...

BACKGROUND The relationship between extended work hours and health is well documented among hospital doctors, but the effect of national differences in work hours on health is unexplored. The study examines the relationship between work hours and self rated health in two national samples of hospital doctors. METHODS The study population consisted of representative samples of 1,260 German and ...

The present study investigated the effects of self-criticism, dependency, and attachment variables in depression among couples. We utilized a multisource design that involved self-reports and spouse reports of personality and depression. This approach enabled us to explore the patterns of relations between self-reported and the spouse's report of the partner's view of self-criticism, dependency...

OBJECTIVE Comorbidity between anxiety and cannabis use is common yet the nature of the association between these conditions is not clear. Four theories were assessed, and a fifth hypothesis tested to determine if the misattribution of stress symptomology plays a role in the association between state-anxiety and cannabis. METHODS Three-hundred-sixteen participants ranging in age from 18 to 71 ...

Self reported smoking status is the primary measure of smoking status for research and policy, providing both a cheaper and more widely accepted indicator than biochemical validation. It is employed in observational studies where analyses seek to explain how socioeconomic background exerts an influence on smoking behaviour. Self report is used, too, for evaluating the effects of population base...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of offering rewards for self reports as a means of combating collusive bribery. Rewarding self reporting theoretically sows distrust between parties tempted to exchange bribes and may reduce bribery even where authorities are otherwise ineffective in uncovering corruption. Our results indicate that offering rewards is weakly effective in reducing collus...

The modulation transfer function, noise transfer function and detection quantum efficiency of both 1k2 and 2k2 cameras attached to the same 300 kV FEGTEM have been measured. The results show that both the MTF and the DQE of the 2k2 camera are lower than for the 1k2 camera at frequencies above a third of the Nyquist limit. This lower per-pixel performance of the 2k2 camera is primarily a result ...

Mind wandering is a ubiquitous phenomenon in which attention shifts from task-related to task-unrelated thoughts. The last decade has witnessed an explosion of interest in mind wandering, but research has been stymied by a lack of objective measures, leading to a near-exclusive reliance on self-reports. We addressed this issue by developing an eye-gaze-based, machine-learned model of mind wande...