Regional inequalities represent an ever present development challenge in most countries especially those with large geographic areas under their jurisdictions. Globalization heightens these challenges as it places a premium on skills. With globalization skills rather than the resource base of regions determine their competitiveness. Skilled workers gain at the expense of unskilled ones. As typi...

We develop the theory of twisted L-cohomology and twisted spectral invariants for flat Hilbertian bundles over compact manifolds. They can be viewed as functions on H(M, R) and they generalize the standard notions. A new feature of the twisted L-cohomology theory is that in addition to satisfying the standard L Morse inequalities, they also satisfy certain asymptotic L Morse inequalities. These...

introduction: inequalities in urban environment are a significant concern. socioeconomic level plays an important role in these inequalities. inequality in environmental hazards is recognized as potential determinants of health disparities. materials & methods: in this study, we used individual and cumulative environmental hazard inequality indices to compare the inequality among 379 neighborho...

Dimension-independent Harnack inequalities are derived for a class of subordinate semigroups. In particular, for a diffusion satisfying the BakryEmery curvature condition, the subordinate semigroup with power α satisfies a dimension-free Harnack inequality provided α ∈ ` 1 2 , 1 ́ , and it satisfies the log-Harnack inequality for all α ∈ (0, 1). Some infinite-dimensional examples are also presen...

BACKGROUND In Turkey, large regional inequalities were found in maternal and child health. Yet, evidence on regional inequalities in adult health in Turkey remains fragmentary. This study aims to assess regional and rural/urban inequalities in the prevalence of poor self-rated health and in disability among adult populations in Turkey, and to measure the contribution of education and wealth of ...

BACKGROUND Health inequalities have widened within and between many European countries over recent decades, but Europe-wide sub-national trends have been largely overlooked. For regions across the European Union (EU), we assess how geographical inequalities (i.e., between regions) and sociospatial inequalities (i.e., between regions grouped by an area-level measure of average household income) ...

Deprivation indices have been widely used to evaluate neighborhood socioeconomic status and therefore examine individuals within their regional context. Although some studies on the development of deprivation indices were conducted in Korea, additional research is needed to construct a more valid and reliable deprivation index. Therefore, a new deprivation index, named the K index, was construc...

OBJECTIVES This study will examine explanatory variables including socioeconomic inequalities related to mental stress at both the individual and regional level. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional multistage sampling process was used to obtain participants. Data on mental stress and individual socioeconomic status were gathered via face to face interview. Regional variables were retrieved from a n...