A diverse range of social security, social insurance and social protection schemes have emerged in China in recent years. International Labour Organization definitions for these terms are as follows: Social security refers to the protection which society provides its members through a series of public measures: (a) to offset the absence of substantial reduction of income from work resulting fro...

• Policy dialogue on the Millennium Development Goals must recognise that the goals are linked by the gender dynamics of power, poverty and vulnerability • Gender-sensitive social protection can contribute to the goals, but only if gender equality is seen as critical to programme effectiveness • Advances in gendersensitive programme design are being made but more investment is needed to build t...

customer orientation is one of the new approaches which is recently considered by the iranian healthcare centers. the present study aims to identify the main factors of customer orientation in iranian hospitals. the study is done through analysis of a questionnaire designed after recognition of the main variables. iranian social security organization hospitals (the major governmental health ins...

Citizens are increasingly crossing borders within the European Union (EU). Europeans have always been free to travel to receive care abroad, but if they wished to benefit from their statutory social protection scheme, they were subject to their local or national legislation on social protection. This changed in 1991 with the European Court of Justice defining healthcare as a service, starting a...

if global trade were fair, it is argued, then international aid would be unnecessary and inequalities inherent to the economic system would be justifiable. here, we argue that while global trade is unfair, in part because richer countries set the rules, we believe that additional interventions must go beyond trade regulation and short-term aid to redress inequalities among countries that will p...