data envelopment analysis (dea) and balanced scorecard (bsc) are two well-known approaches for measuring performance of decision making units (dmus). bsc is especially applied with quality measures, whereas, when the quantity measures are used to evaluate, dea is more appropriate. in the real-world, dmus usually have complex structures such as network structures. one of the well-known network s...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and balanced scorecard (BSC) are two well-known approaches for measuring performance of decision making units (DMUs). BSC is especially applied with quality measures, whereas, when the quantity measures are used to evaluate, DEA is more appropriate. In the real-world, DMUs usually have complex structures such as network structures. One of the well-known network s...

Dynamic network data envelopment analysis (DNDEA) has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. On one hand the available models in DNDEA evaluating the performance of a DMU with interrelated processes during specified multiple periods but on the other hand they can only measure the efficiency of dynamic network structure when a supply chain structure present. For example, in the banking in...

The predator-prey model with stage structure for predator is generalized in the context of ecoepidemiology, where the prey population is infected by a microparasite and the predator completely avoids consuming the infected prey. The intraspecific competition of infected prey is considered. All the equilibria are characterized and the existence of a Hopf bifurcation at the coexistence equilibriu...

In thermoelectric coolers (TECs) applied external voltage potential is generated to a temperature difference based on the Peltier effect. Main and basic structure of TECs is in the form of single stage device. Due to the low efficiency, especially low coefficient of performance (COP) of thermoelectric coolers, optimal design of geometrical parameters of such devices is vital. For this purpose, ...

The cement industry, as a primary trade, plays an important role in the development of a country's organization. This industry in Iran, however, despite of profuse benefits such as high-value mines, faces many challenges. Problems such as exploitation of the production require the need for doing research into this area. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the Eco-efficiency in Iran's 2...

Traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models evaluate two-stage decision making unit (DMU) as a black box and neglect the connectivity may exist among the stages. This paper looks inside the system by considering the intermediate activities between the stages where the first stage uses inputs to produce outputs which are the inputs to the second stage along with its own inputs. Additional...