This study proposes a novel option-revenue sharing coordination contract framework. In the proposed model, the retailer determines the number of order sales effort. The manufacturer sets the price of products for the wholesale strategy. The investigated supply chain problem analyzes the results of different strategies. In the proposed coordination contract problem, two types of games including ...

• How large of an effect can the temporal variation of wind power have on the value of wind in different wind resource areas? • Which locations are affected most positively or negatively by the seasonal and diurnal timing of wind speeds? • How compatible are wind resources in the Pacific Northwest and California with wholesale power prices and loads in either region? • Can modeled/estimated win...

It is very necessary to research the fluctuation of agricultural products prices as well as the data character. In this paper, the wholesale price of agricultural product is considered. The monofractal analysis and multifractal analysis methods are introduced to study wholesale price. We select the appropriate algorithm to calculate the fractal characteristics of the celery wholesale price. Res...

in this research the activity of 75 producers, 55 wholesalers and 55 retailers, citrus market of jahrom county was investigated. the results indicated that margin of wholesale, retail and total margin of citrus in this county was 1461.1, 1480.3, and 2941.4 rs respectively. share of producer from marginal price was estimated to be 57.9 percent and share of wholesaler was more than retailer. in t...

Introduction Wholesaling is a distribution function that together with manufacturing and retailing forms part of a sector's marketing channel. The EU defines wholesaling as involving firms: … exclusively or primarily engaged in the resale of goods in their own name to retailers or other wholesalers, to manufacturers and others for further processing, to professional users, including craftsmen, ...

Asymmetric pricing is the phenomenon where prices rise more readily than they fall. We articulate, and provide empirical support for, a theory of asymmetric pricing in wholesale prices. In particular, we show how wholesale prices may be asymmetric in the small but symmetric in the large, when retailers face costs of price adjustments. Such retailers will not adjust prices for small changes in t...