We define the notion of a Kirby element of a ribbon category C (not necessarily semisimple). Kirby elements lead to 3-manifolds invariants. We characterize a set of Kirby elements (in terms of the structural morphisms of a Hopf algebra in C) which is sufficiently large to recover the quantum invariants of 3-manifolds of Reshetikhin-Turaev, of Hennings-Kauffman-Radford, and of Lyubashenko. The c...

Dreams are descirbed as "single-minded," meaning that they tend to be unaccompanied by other, simultaneous streams of thought and imagery. Four manifestations of single-mindedness are discussed: (1) the absence of a reflective awareness that one is dreaming while the dream is in progress; (2) the absence of alternative images and thoughts while attending to the primary dream content; (3) the te...

Content analysis is one of the basic methods utilized in psychological dream research (1-3). The following example illustrates this approach. A psychotherapist speculates that depressive patients dream about rejection more often than comparable healthy controls. A research colleague elicits 100 dream reports of healthy subjects and 100 dream reports of patients with depression and constructs a ...

Since ancient times, in societies throughout the world, mankind has interpreted some dreams in the context of religion – from invoking the gods into their dreams in incubation temples, to recording dream narratives in holy scriptures of religions that thrive in today’s world. This paper acknowledges that the role of dreams has diminished in many faiths, most noticeably in western Christianity, ...

This paper examines how dreaming and interactive processes of dream interpretation reflect progressive development of ego states. We consider the associate and interpretive amplifications of dream process in treatment, with examples from early, middle and end phases of analysis. A corollary is that while dream structure and content may vary along a developmental continuum of treatment, technica...