Explaining changes in bitcoin's price and predicting its future have been the foci of many research studies. In contrast, far less attention has paid to relationship between mining costs price. One popular notion is cost bitcoin creation provides a support level below which this cryptocurrency's should never fall because if it did, would become unprofitable threaten maintenance public ledger. O...

We analyze the effect of price caps on equilibrium production and welfare in oligopoly under demand uncertainty. We find that high price caps always increase production and welfare as compared to the situation without price cap. Price caps close to marginal cost may lead to zero production, depending on the nature of uncertainty. We characterize the optimal price cap and show that typically, th...

This work studies the price of anarchy and the price of stability of cost-sharing methods in weighted congestion games. We require that our cost-sharing method and our set of cost functions satisfy certain natural conditions and we present general tight price of anarchy bounds, which are robust and apply to general equilibrium concepts. We then turn to the price of stability and prove an upper ...

BACKGROUND Activity Based Costing (ABC) is one of the new methods began appearing as a costing methodology in the 1990's. It calculates cost price by determining the usage of resources. In this study, ABC method was used for calculating cost price of remedial services in hospitals. METHODS To apply ABC method, Shahid Faghihi Hospital was selected. First, hospital units were divided into three...

Pricing policies play an important role in water demand management and its optimal allocation. Determining proper water price leads to optimal allocation of water especially in agricultural consumptions. Applying new subsidy targeting law in Iran which insists on pricing water based on its supply cost, will effects considerably on water resource management in agriculture sector. So, in this stu...

BACKGROUND The inverse relation between energy density (kcal/g) and energy cost (price/kcal) has been interpreted to suggest that produce (fruit, vegetables) is more expensive than snacks (cookies, chips). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to show the methodologic weakness of comparing energy density with energy cost. DESIGN The relation between energy density and energy cost was re...

price is one of the four elements of marketing mix. one of the important decisions any business faces is select pricing strategies that can be effective in achieving company goals. pricing methods are generally divided into cost-based and value-based methods. considering that the marginal cost of information goods is zero, the pricing methods of these goods is value-based. in this study, mtn ir...

Estimating the final price of products is of great importance. For manufacturing companies proposing a final price is only possible after the design process over. These companies propose an approximate initial price of the required products to the customers for which some of time and money is required. Here using the existing data of already designed transformers and utilizing the bayesian anal...